Anything goes: Or,how the accommodation of Europe's universities to European integration integrates an inspiring number of contradictions     

Guy Neave 《Tertiary Education and Management》2013,19(3):181-197

Abstract

This article analyses the implications for the integration of higher education in Europe as presented by the Bologna process. It examines the evidence presented in official documents which claim a wide‐spread consensus for this initiative. The article analyses the particular ideological commitment built into the Bologna process in the light of its four objectives Mobility, Employ ability, Competitiveness and Attractiveness. It questions whether that consensus, largely taken for granted at the higher levels of political discussion, is fully reflected in ‘le pays reel’ ‐ at the chalk face. It argues that the main test of the Bologna ‘principles’ will come when talk gives way to implementation, both at the level of first degrees and in the area of research training.  相似文献   

Changes in Mentor Efficacy and Perceptions Following Participation in a Youth Mentoring Program     

Chehalis M. Strapp  Andrew W. Gilles  Anne E. Spalding  Caleb T. Hughes  Annika M. Baldwin  Kendra L. Guy 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2013,21(3):190-209

Although mentoring programs are increasing in popularity as a preventative intervention strategy for youth, little is known about the experience from the mentor’s perspective. In this study, we describe a longitudinal assessment of 41 mentors, including 13 men and 28 women (M_age?=?21.93?years, SD?=?3.21) working with at-risk youth in a school-based mentoring program. Before starting the program, mentor perceptions, motives, and efficacy were assessed and again after three and six months of mentoring to measure change across time. At the end of the program, mentors evaluated the relationship and rated perceived benefits. Mentors experienced significant changes in perceptions and efficacy across time and changes predicted relationship satisfaction and perceived benefits. Recommendations to support mentors and develop sustainable and satisfying mentoring relationships are provided.  相似文献   

Characterization of a collective action between farmers' organizations and institutions in an innovative process to face liberalization in Costa Rica     

Guy Faure 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(3):121-131

In Northern Costa Rica, agricultural production conditions change very rapidly due to public policies that encourage the exportation of new crops according to the liberalization process imposed by the international context.

For many years, farmers' organizations at the local, regional and national levels have taken initiatives to respond to this new context and develop relationships with institutions (the Ministry of Agriculture, national universities, NGOs, international agencies, the private sector) promoting innovations and attaining better access to information, training and financial resources. An action-research program, ‘Aid to Farmer's Organization of Northern Costa Rica’, contributes to the strengthening of farmers' organizations and tries to induce change dynamics through the elaboration of a shared vision of peasant agriculture implying the production of safe food, the protection of natural resources, the development of qualified local employment and the defense of the rural culture.

The present paper will analyze the dynamics of such a collective action. Action is structured around various activities such as the exchange of experiences between farmers' organizations, the elaboration of a common vision on the future of family agriculture between different actors, the training of the members and leaders of organizations and the design and implementation of innovative project.

This collective action induces the construction of new and useful knowledge, changes in the relationships between the actors, the implementation of new institutional mechanisms and the development of new rules inside and outside the organizations.  相似文献   

New Challenges in Agricultural Advisory Services from a Research Perspective: A Literature Review,Synthesis and Research Agenda     

Guy Faure  Yann Desjeux  Pierre Gasselin 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(5):461-492

Abstract

Purpose: Agricultural advisory services are perceived by many actors involved in rural development as a key driver behind innovation processes in agriculture. However, changes in national and global contexts cause dramatic changes in the orientation of advisory services, their organisation and their methods of intervention. This article aims to analyse the major research topics related to agricultural advice.

Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on an extensive review of literature produced over a ten-year period that is accessible through the CAB, ECONLIT and Web of Science citation indexes. Using keywords related to extension and advisory services, we selected published articles according to the relevance of the results provided in relation to advisory services and the quality of the discussion on past or current controversies.

Findings: The results show that the ongoing scientific debates are shaped by the diversity of disciplines, methods, topics and schools of thought. The scientific community largely has focussed on five main themes: (1) the institutional environment of agricultural advisory services; (2) the structures necessary for the operation of an advisory system; (3) the actors providing advisory services and the skills deployed in advisory activities; (4) the approaches, methods, tools and content of advisory activities; and (5) the assessment and impacts of advisory systems.

Practical implications: This literature review is useful for researchers and practitioners to better understand research results in the field of advisory services. It paves the way for future research.

Originality/Value: Although many articles have been written in recent decades on agricultural advisory services, few studies provide an overview of the contributions of, and debates in, the international scientific community.  相似文献   

Dealing with Power Games in a Companion Modelling Process: Lessons from Community Water Management in Thailand Highlands     

Cécile Barnaud  Guy Trébuil  Tanya Promburom  François Bousquet 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(1):55-74

Abstract

Although stakeholder participation is expected to promote equitable and sustainable natural resource management, lessons from the past tell us that more careful attention needs to be paid to achieving equitable impacts. Now the question is how to address social inequities and power asymmetries. Some authors emphasize the need for more dialogue, while others prefer a critical perspective, arguing that dialogue might not be sufficient to avert the risk of a process deepening existing social inequities. This article aims to enrich this debate and question the practical implications of the critical perspective through an in-depth analysis of power games in a participatory process.

A Companion Modelling (ComMod) process was conducted in an Akha community of Northern Thailand with a critical perspective, i.e. with a concern for the less influent stakeholders. Simulation tools such as role-playing games were used to mediate a cross-cultural learning process among researchers, farmers and administrators about a local irrigation water management problem. The detailed analysis of power games in this learning and negotiation process reveals that in spite of initial power asymmetries, the poorest farmers of the community started to voice and assert their interests. This was very much due to the role of a Western researcher who put the equity issue on the public agenda and to the strategic support of a charismatic Christian leader.

We identify a set of practical facilitation methods that helped to manage power asymmetries and to level the playing field, but we also discuss the main limits of our cultural-embedded methodological choices. Acknowledging that ‘the facilitators’ neutrality' is an illusion, this study allows us to raise the question of their social legitimacy. We suggest that they should systematically make explicit and reflect on their cultural-ideological background and methodological hypothesis and choices and their effects on the socio-political context. This article is an original attempt to accept this challenge.  相似文献   

Variability as a Measure of Competitive Behavior     

Guy M. Wilson  Everett R. Porter 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(1):71-74

Two problems stemming from the use of direct factor analysis of sociometric choices to identify group boundaries are that: (a) the use of sociometric choices to identify group boundaries is reliant on the subjective evaluation of the researcher; and (b) the method can classify individuals as belonging to the same clique without them necessarily choosing each other. A solution to the two problems is discussed, and data are presented to show the usefulness of this method in isolating large numbers of natural groups.  相似文献   

New books     

Guy B. Muchmore 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2013,99(2):205-220

A List of Plays for High School and College Production. Prepared by the Committee on Plays for Secondary Schools and Colleges of the Drama League‐of America, and the Committee on Plays for Schools and Colleges of the National Council of Teachers of English. Chicago: The ‘ Drama League of America, 1916. Pp. 41. Paper, $0.25.

Teaching Literature in the Grammar Grades and High School. By Emma Miller Bolenitjs, A.M. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1915. Pp. 337. $1.25.

Practical Stage Directing for Amateurs. By Emerson Taylor. New York: Walton & Co., 1915. Pp. 193. $1.00.

The Natural Method of Voice Production in Speech and Song. By Floyd S. Muckey, M.D.C.M., New York: Scribner, 1915. Cloth, pp. 149. $1.00.

Public Speaking. By James Albert Winans. Ithaca, N.Y.: Sewell Publishing Co., 1915. Cloth, pp. xlii+476. $1.50.

Practical Argumentation. By George A. Pattee. New York: Century Co., 1915.

Oral English. By John M. Brewer. New York: Ginn & Co., 1916. Cloth, pp. 3960 $1.00.  相似文献   

School as an epistemic apprenticeship: the case of building learning power / La escuela como aprendizaje epistémico: el caso de construyendo el poder para el aprendizaje     

Guy Claxton 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(2):227-247

Resumen

Este estudio analiza el modo en que la situación de la familia española actual influye en la educación en valores de los hijos. La muestra está formada por 3.711 padres y madres de niños con edades comprendidas entre los 2 y los 12 años, de centros públicos y privados de 6 ciudades españolas. Se utilizó un cuestionario para evaluar en los padres y madres las variables consideradas relevantes para la educación en valores cívico-morales de los hijos.

Del análisis factorial, combinando las estrategias exploratoria y confirmatoria, se obtuvieron 11 factores. Para conocer qué factores explican la intervención moral de padres y madres se realizaron correlaciones y sendos análisis discriminantes. En ambos se obtuvo que el afecto y la aceptación incondicional de los hijos son las variables con mayor poder predictivo de la intervención moral familiar.  相似文献   

‘People are suspicious of us’: a critical examination of father primary carers and English early childhood services     

Guy P. Roberts‐Holmes 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2009,29(3):281-291

Positive father involvement and investment in the early years is of importance for children's later emotional, cognitive and social well‐being. This article critically examines the multiple motivations and barriers experienced by the growing number of father primary carers. The small‐scale research study presented suggests that for a ‘positive culture shift’ towards fathers in the UK to occur, early childhood services need to question the extent to which they are ‘father friendly’. Research suggests that policy initiatives such as a ‘Daddy month’ (found in Canada and most Nordic countries) may encourage much needed attitudinal shifts towards fathers by legitimising their caring activities. Other initiatives that encourage father primary carers in their role may include the recruitment of professional male early childhood workers.  相似文献   

Visiting Fortaleza: motivation,satisfaction and revisit intentions of spectators at the Brazil 2014 FIFA World Cup     

Graham Brown  Guy Assaker 《Journal of Sport Tourism》2018,22(1):1-19

The FIFA World Cup provides opportunities to attract visitors to host cities and for local residents to enjoy event-related celebrations. This paper directs attention to Fortaleza, in the north-east of Brazil, where a survey was conducted of 285 spectators to identify the relative importance of enjoyment and competitive outcomes as motives to attend games at the 2014 World Cup. The study also examined the relationship between motivation, event setting and event satisfaction and whether any differences in these relationships existed between local and visiting spectators. In the case of visitors to Fortaleza, factors that influence intentions to revisit the city were also examined. Although satisfaction did not have an impact on visitation intentions, visitors were strongly influenced by competitive motives associated with the team they support. In comparison, local residents were more motivated by event excitement. The need to recognize the propensities of different types of spectators and the complexity of the relationship between spectators and the event setting are discussed.  相似文献